The accident memory, surgery, or any other event that leaves a scar fades or is even forgotten over time. The scar does not disappear and can always be a reminder of such events. In addition to stress, scars can also cause physical pain, disrupting joint movement due to the formation of colloids or, depending on their location.
In very rare cases, even the transformation of wound tissue into cancerous tissue has been reported.
Different treatments are available depending on the scar type.
Scars are often categorized as follows:
Fibrosis scars = almost imperceptible and smooth and differ only in appearance from adjacent tissues.
Atrophic or hypotrophic scars = with dimples and indentations, sometimes with very clear borders, such as acne scars.
Hypertrophic scars = protruding with a definite border, do not exceed the wound border, there is a possibility of healing without treatment.
Colloidal scars = are protruding and borderless, larger than the size of the wound, and need treatment.
Sclerotic scars = are hard, without flexibility, causing stretching in adjacent tissues over time
Scar treatment methods:
– Laser therapy
– Microneedling
– Injection of fat or hyaluronic acid
– Dermabrasion
– Chemical peeling
– Cryotherapy
-Compress dressings
-Drug treatment
-Surgery
Laser therapy:
Suitable for flattening atrophic, hypertrophic, and colloidal scars. The outer skin layer is removed by CO2 lysis, and in addition to leveling the scar with the tissues adjacent to the skin, it stimulates repair and creates new layers. After the laser, avoid exposure to direct sunlight.
Microneedling:
Hard scars can be softened by a device equipped with very special rhizoterile needles that penetrate the skin surface very quickly. In addition to stimulating the skin to tissue regeneration, microneedling can partially treat skin pigmentation disorders.
Fat injection or hyaluronic acid
Suitable for smoothing the surface of dimples such as hypotrophic scars.
Hollow skin can be removed by injecting fat or hyaluronic acid. The fat needed for the injection is taken from the patient. The most commonly used areas are the abdomen, sides, and thighs. Adipocytes have a very good repairability and have a longer shelf life than hyaluronic acid due to the stem cell content. Hyaluronic acid is absorbed by the body over time and after a while, it needs to be re-injected.
Dermabrasion
For flattening prominent hypertrophic scars and large dimples
Dermabrasion is another method of removing the surface skin layer, which in turn stimulates the skin to build new tissue. In this method, by using modern medical equipment that has a function such as soft sanding, the skin surface layer is destroyed. After dermabrasion, avoid exposure to direct sunlight.
Chemical peeling:
Suitable for smoothing the skin surface dimples such as hypotrophic scars.
Due to the permissible chemicals that are rubbed on the skin, the skin layers are destroyed from outside to inside, respectively. It is important that this destruction is done in the desired layer and does not damage the deeper layers. After peeling, you should avoid exposure to direct sunlight.
Cryotherapy:
Suitable for prominent hypertrophic scars and colloids.
Liquid nitrogen has a temperature equivalent to -196 degrees Celsius. This fluid is circulated by a closed system inside the colloid, causing the blood vessels to become blocked, thereby causing scar tissue to break down.
Compression dressings:
Suitable for preventing prominent scars and colloids, especially in the treatment of burn wounds.
In this type of treatment, coatings made of special materials are used that permanently put a little pressure on the tissue and reduce blood circulation in the wound tissue, thereby preventing the growth of scars. These covers should be used for 24 hours and finally taken for 30 minutes for showering. The duration of using these coatings can be several months and sometimes years.
Drug treatment:
Suitable for the colloidal scars treatment.
By injecting or using special drugs on the skin, it is possible not only to prevent the growth of hypertrophic scars and colloids but also to reduce their size to some extent. Cortisone-containing products are usually applied for injection, and creams containing onion extract or silicone are usually applied for topical use.
Surgery:
Surgery should be used if none of the non-invasive treatments are effective. There are different ways to do this, such as cutting, moving tissue, using tissue expanders, or types of grips, which are selected depending on the type of scar and the discretion of the plastic surgeon.
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